Exoskeleton & Stroke Rehabilitation

Stroke is the leading cause of serious long-term disability with many survivors sustaining functional limitations in activities of daily living as a result of stroke. Many stroke survivors have long-term walking impairment due to hemiplegia or hemiparesis. Impaired ambulation due to hemiplegia or hemiparesis is associated with increased fall risk, limited community participation, and an overall decreased quality of life.

Post-stroke, the long-term goal of rehabilitation is successful reintegration into the community, with recovery of walking ability as a key functional objective. This recovery of function is achieved with progressive, task-specific, repetitive training based on the principles of motor learning and neuroplasticity. Targeted rehabilitation can help to reorganise the brain to relearn skills that may have been lost during, or because of, stroke, with the goal of helping survivors regain their independence. Rehabilitation goals may include coordinating leg movements, shifting weight to walk, or balancing during sit-to-stand transfers.

Functional Improvements

Advances in technology are changing the rehabilitation process. Robotic exoskeletons used during stroke rehabilitation assist with walking during the recovery process by providing earlier mobility and restored independence. Exoskeletons may enhance post-stroke gait training, helping to guide weight shifts and improve step patterns and cadence and enabling individuals to stand and walk over ground early in the recovery process.

For gait rehabilitation after stroke, the technology applications typically include a wearable device such as a robotic exoskeleton, with hip and knee motors providing assistance during walking. A key part of the rehabilitation process is therapy progression, and exoskeleton technology provides options to encourage progress and document improvements. The device chosen should have options for asymmetrical control of the lower limbs and facilitate pre-gait training, transfers, stepping, and balance training.

Additional Benefits

While functional improvement is the primary goal of stroke rehabilitation, exoskeleton devices also have the potential to empower and motivate patients. Initial gait training sessions in the exoskeleton often include meaningful walking time indoors and outdoors, which can improve patient morale, motivation, and enthusiasm. Over the past year using the Ekso GT exoskeleton, we have also seen increased steps per session, improved gait symmetry and balance, and improvements in functional independence throughout many patients rehabilitation.

The ultimate goal of the No Barriers Foundation is always be to maximise recovery of function to support the patient’s ability to maintain independence at home and in the community.